"Land of the Hunter...and the Hunted!"
In 1929 Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studios decided to produce a grand African adventure epic to top all - Trader Horn. A camera expedition was sent into the depths of Africa to capture the raw primeval excitement of dangerous untamed beasts ravaging on each other. As they touted in the press releases for the film, "Fate and Nature could never again be so kind to another expedition such as that of the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer troupe which braved death again and again to bring the world sensations new to civilization. Strange tribes, strange places, the frontier of a primitive world are the background for the drama of 'Trader Horn'".
The actors and crew had suffered through seven months of dysentery and other tropical diseases to film the story based on Alfred Aloysius Horn's best-selling book about his tales as a young hunter in the great vast jungle of the enormous continent. Director W.S Van Dyke went gung-ho on filming and brought back over 200,000 feet of film… most of it stock footage. Trader Horn became a great success when it was released in 1931 and, with all the extra footage on hand, the great powers-that-be at MGM decided to follow it up with other films featuring African locales. Smart fellows. Kongo and Tarzan the Ape Man were two such films. ( The footage would last them through nearly twenty years of jungle flicks ).
RKO was readying King Kong at this time and other studios were joining in on the congo-bongo bonanza. The 1930s ushered in new film adaptions of Stanley and Livingstone ( starring Spencer Tracey ) and King Solomon's Mines.
During the 1940s serials capitalized on the wonderful plot flexibility African themed films offered, creating such wild concoctions as Nyoka the Jungle Girl, Tim Tyler’s Luck and The Phantom, as well as the short films of the true-life adventures of "Bring 'Em Back Alive" Frank Buck. Even the Three Stooges and Abbott and Costello fumbled their way into Africa.
It was in the 1950s however that jungle themed films really became box-office gold. The world-wide success of MGM's third adaption of King Solomon's Mines in 1950 started a wave of drum-beating-man-fighting-wildebeest flicks. The story plots were simple, often featuring shapely damsels in distress donning their pith helmets to follow a hired guide into the wild to rescue their husband. Of course, those hot steamy African nights would turn on their mating instincts and, before the rescue party would reach the lonesome hubby, the wife would be in the arms of the great white hunter.
Every star in Hollywood had to appear in at least one jungle film in their career, but certain actors and actresses were better suited to this setting than others. Rough and rugged Clark Gable, Robert Taylor, Stewart Granger, and John Payne especially excelled in the native environment while prim and proper ladies such as Deborah Kerr, Grace Kelly or Rhonda Fleming provided stark contrast to these hairy muscled men.
In addition to the major feature players, secondary B actors such as Lex Barker, MacDonald Carey, and Jon Hall joined in on the jungle bandwagon and starred in tribal series. Aside from the ever popular Tarzan series, there were 12 films featuring Bomba the Jungle Boy ( starring Johnny Sheffield ) and 16 Jungle Jim films made ( with a post-Tarzan Johnny Weismuller ).
But let's turn the spotlight back onto the African adventure films of the 1950s. Highlighted below are some of the most memorable jungle movies made during this time ( among them some very forgettable films too ):
King Solomon's Mines ( 1950 )
Stewart Granger, Deborah Kerr, Richard Carlson, Hugo Haas.
Gregory Peck, Susan Hayward, Ava Gardner, Hildegard Neff.
Based on the best-selling novel by Ernest Hemingway, Snows tells the story of writer Harry Street who reflects on his life as he lies dying from an infection while on safari in the shadow of Mount Kilimanjaro.
Bwana Devil ( 1953 )
Robert Stack, Barbara Britton, Nigel Bruce.
The first feature film to be released in 3-D, Bwana Devil was advertised as placing a "lion in your lap, a lover in your arms". The head engineer of a railway company becomes obsessed with tracking down two lions after they attack several of his workers.
"Flaming love found in the savage heart of the jungle!"
Mogambo ( 1953 )
Clark Gable, Grace Kelly, Ava Gardner, Donald Sinden.
A riverboat drops off several passengers at a game hunter’s lodging in Kenya, one of whom is a floozy the other a young anthropologist with a restless wife.
White Witch Doctor ( 1953 )
Robert Mitchum, Susan Hayward, Walter Slezak, Timothy Carey.
A guide takes a pretty nurse upriver to a remote village so she can help bring medicine to the natives... but first she must quench the superstitious beliefs of the natives.
Duel in the Jungle ( 1954 )
Dana Andrews, Jeanne Crain, David Farrar.
An American insurance investigator travels to Rhodesia to investigate the death of a diamond broker who supposedly died while diving. With $1 million dollars at stake, the American suspects an insurance fraud.
Africa Adventure ( 1954 )
Robert C. Ruark, Harry Selby, John Sutton.
World-wide newspaper columnist and novelist Robert C. Ruark takes his viewers on an expedition through the wilds of Africa in this thrilling film/documentary.
Tanganyika ( 1954 )
Van Heflin, Howard Duff, Ruth Roman, Jeff Morrow.
In the early 1900s, a tough settler leads a safari to bring an escaped criminal to justice. Along the way four survivors of Nukumbi raids join his expedition.
Simba ( 1955 )
Dirk Bogarde, Donald Sinden, Virginia McKenna, Basil Sydney.
A European family of farmers must contend with hostile natives when the Mau-Mau tribe rebels against their white Colonial masters.
Congo Crossing ( 1956 )
George Nader, Virginia Mayo, Peter Lorre, Rex Ingram.
Assorted fugitives from justice gathered in Congotanga find themselves on a hunter’s expedition in the jungle.
Odango ( 1956 )
MacDonald Carey, Rhonda Fleming, Juma.
A hunter and veterinary who run a hospital for the wild animals find they must hunt down all their patients when a former employee sets them loose in revenge for being fired.
Safari ( 1956 )
Victor Mature, Janet Leigh, Roland Culver.
A wealthy eccentric and his young fiancée hire a rugged guide to lead them into jungle territory in search of his son's murderer.
Beyond Mombasa ( 1957 )
Cornel Wilde, Donna Reed, Leo Genn, Christopher Lee.
Cornel Wilde travels to Mombasa to claim his share of a copper mine and instead finds his brother supposedly murdered by Leopard tribesmen with no copper mine to claim.
Tarzan and the Lost Safari ( 1957 )
Gordon Scott, Robert Beatty, Yolande Donlan.
Tarzan rescues the survivors of a plane that has crashed and leads them out of the jungle only to find that a white hunter is after him to put him on exhibition. This film is notable as being the first Tarzan movie to be filmed on location.
Harry Black and the Tiger ( 1958 )
Stewart Granger, Anthony Steel, Barbara Rush.
A famous hunter is on the quest for a man-eating tiger but lets his best friend, a coward, prove his courage instead. Meanwhile Harry snitches his gal.
Killers of Kilimanjaro ( 1959 )
Robert Taylor, Anne Aubrey, Anthony Newley, Gregoire Aslan.
An engineer plans to forge through the wilds of Africa to lay tracks for his railroad company but must first contend with hostile tribes, stampeding elephants and angry crocodiles. Anne Aubrey tags along in quest of her fiancée, ready to brave any beast that comes her way...Taylor not included.
Watusi ( 1959 )
George Montgomery, Taina Elg, David Farrar, Rex Ingram.
Harry Quartermain retraces his father Allen Quartermain’s footsteps in quest of King Solomon’s Mines.
So to conclude, if you ever feel the urge to stalk prey, swat tsitsi flies, or have your heart go pitter-pat to the beat of tribal drums, instead of booking that flight to Africa, fluff up your pillows and sit back and watch a good jungle film. Even Tarzan endorses this method upon occasion. Ungawa!!